Integrand size = 21, antiderivative size = 742 \[ \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^4} \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx=-\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {b c-a d} x}{\sqrt [4]{-c} \sqrt [4]{d} \sqrt {a+b x^4}}\right )}{4 (-c)^{3/4} \sqrt {b c-a d}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-b c+a d} x}{\sqrt [4]{-c} \sqrt [4]{d} \sqrt {a+b x^4}}\right )}{4 (-c)^{3/4} \sqrt {-b c+a d}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \left (\sqrt {b}+\frac {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}}{\sqrt {-c}}\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right ),\frac {1}{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{a} (b c+a d) \sqrt {a+b x^4}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \left (\sqrt {b} c+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {-c} \sqrt {d}\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right ),\frac {1}{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{a} c (b c+a d) \sqrt {a+b x^4}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2 \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (-\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c} \sqrt {d}},2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right ),\frac {1}{2}\right )}{8 \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b} c (b c+a d) \sqrt {a+b x^4}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2 \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c} \sqrt {d}},2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right ),\frac {1}{2}\right )}{8 \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b} c (b c+a d) \sqrt {a+b x^4}} \]
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Time = 0.50 (sec) , antiderivative size = 742, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 7, number of rules used = 4, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.190, Rules used = {418, 1231, 226, 1721} \[ \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^4} \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx=-\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} \arctan \left (\frac {x \sqrt {b c-a d}}{\sqrt [4]{-c} \sqrt [4]{d} \sqrt {a+b x^4}}\right )}{4 (-c)^{3/4} \sqrt {b c-a d}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} \arctan \left (\frac {x \sqrt {a d-b c}}{\sqrt [4]{-c} \sqrt [4]{d} \sqrt {a+b x^4}}\right )}{4 (-c)^{3/4} \sqrt {a d-b c}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} \left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}}{\sqrt {-c}}+\sqrt {b}\right ) \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right ),\frac {1}{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {a+b x^4} (a d+b c)}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} \left (\sqrt {a} \sqrt {-c} \sqrt {d}+\sqrt {b} c\right ) \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right ),\frac {1}{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{a} c \sqrt {a+b x^4} (a d+b c)}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} \left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2 \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c} \sqrt {d}},2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right ),\frac {1}{2}\right )}{8 \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b} c \sqrt {a+b x^4} (a d+b c)}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} \left (\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}+\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}\right )^2 \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (-\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c} \sqrt {d}},2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right ),\frac {1}{2}\right )}{8 \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b} c \sqrt {a+b x^4} (a d+b c)} \]
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Rule 226
Rule 418
Rule 1231
Rule 1721
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \frac {\int \frac {1}{\left (1-\frac {\sqrt {d} x^2}{\sqrt {-c}}\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^4}} \, dx}{2 c}+\frac {\int \frac {1}{\left (1+\frac {\sqrt {d} x^2}{\sqrt {-c}}\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^4}} \, dx}{2 c} \\ & = \frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \left (\sqrt {b}+\frac {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}}{\sqrt {-c}}\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^4}} \, dx}{2 (b c+a d)}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \left (\sqrt {b} c+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {-c} \sqrt {d}\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^4}} \, dx}{2 c (b c+a d)}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {a} \left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right ) \sqrt {d}\right ) \int \frac {1+\frac {\sqrt {b} x^2}{\sqrt {a}}}{\left (1-\frac {\sqrt {d} x^2}{\sqrt {-c}}\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^4}} \, dx}{2 c (b c+a d)}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {a} \left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right ) \sqrt {d}\right ) \int \frac {1+\frac {\sqrt {b} x^2}{\sqrt {a}}}{\left (1+\frac {\sqrt {d} x^2}{\sqrt {-c}}\right ) \sqrt {a+b x^4}} \, dx}{2 c (b c+a d)} \\ & = -\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b c-a d} x}{\sqrt [4]{-c} \sqrt [4]{d} \sqrt {a+b x^4}}\right )}{4 (-c)^{3/4} \sqrt {b c-a d}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-b c+a d} x}{\sqrt [4]{-c} \sqrt [4]{d} \sqrt {a+b x^4}}\right )}{4 (-c)^{3/4} \sqrt {-b c+a d}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \left (\sqrt {b}+\frac {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}}{\sqrt {-c}}\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{a} (b c+a d) \sqrt {a+b x^4}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \left (\sqrt {b} c+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {-c} \sqrt {d}\right ) \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{a} c (b c+a d) \sqrt {a+b x^4}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2 \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} \Pi \left (-\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c} \sqrt {d}};2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{8 \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b} c (b c+a d) \sqrt {a+b x^4}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2 \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )^2}} \Pi \left (\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c}+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {-c} \sqrt {d}};2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{8 \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b} c (b c+a d) \sqrt {a+b x^4}} \\ \end{align*}
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 6 vs. order 4 in optimal.
Time = 10.06 (sec) , antiderivative size = 161, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.22 \[ \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^4} \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx=-\frac {5 a c x \operatorname {AppellF1}\left (\frac {1}{4},\frac {1}{2},1,\frac {5}{4},-\frac {b x^4}{a},-\frac {d x^4}{c}\right )}{\sqrt {a+b x^4} \left (c+d x^4\right ) \left (-5 a c \operatorname {AppellF1}\left (\frac {1}{4},\frac {1}{2},1,\frac {5}{4},-\frac {b x^4}{a},-\frac {d x^4}{c}\right )+2 x^4 \left (2 a d \operatorname {AppellF1}\left (\frac {5}{4},\frac {1}{2},2,\frac {9}{4},-\frac {b x^4}{a},-\frac {d x^4}{c}\right )+b c \operatorname {AppellF1}\left (\frac {5}{4},\frac {3}{2},1,\frac {9}{4},-\frac {b x^4}{a},-\frac {d x^4}{c}\right )\right )\right )} \]
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Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 4.
Time = 4.16 (sec) , antiderivative size = 191, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.26
method | result | size |
default | \(\frac {\munderset {\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha =\operatorname {RootOf}\left (d \,\textit {\_Z}^{4}+c \right )}{\sum }\frac {-\frac {\operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {2 b \,x^{2} \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2}+2 a}{2 \sqrt {\frac {a d -b c}{d}}\, \sqrt {b \,x^{4}+a}}\right )}{\sqrt {\frac {a d -b c}{d}}}+\frac {2 \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3} d \sqrt {1-\frac {i \sqrt {b}\, x^{2}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, \sqrt {1+\frac {i \sqrt {b}\, x^{2}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, \Pi \left (x \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}, \frac {i \sqrt {a}\, \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2} d}{\sqrt {b}\, c}, \frac {\sqrt {-\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}}{\sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}}\right )}{\sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, c \sqrt {b \,x^{4}+a}}}{\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3}}}{8 d}\) | \(191\) |
elliptic | \(\frac {\munderset {\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha =\operatorname {RootOf}\left (d \,\textit {\_Z}^{4}+c \right )}{\sum }\frac {-\frac {\operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {2 b \,x^{2} \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2}+2 a}{2 \sqrt {\frac {a d -b c}{d}}\, \sqrt {b \,x^{4}+a}}\right )}{\sqrt {\frac {a d -b c}{d}}}+\frac {2 \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3} d \sqrt {1-\frac {i \sqrt {b}\, x^{2}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, \sqrt {1+\frac {i \sqrt {b}\, x^{2}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, \Pi \left (x \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}, \frac {i \sqrt {a}\, \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2} d}{\sqrt {b}\, c}, \frac {\sqrt {-\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}}{\sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}}\right )}{\sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {b}}{\sqrt {a}}}\, c \sqrt {b \,x^{4}+a}}}{\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3}}}{8 d}\) | \(191\) |
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^4} \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx=\text {Timed out} \]
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\[ \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^4} \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a + b x^{4}} \left (c + d x^{4}\right )}\, dx \]
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\[ \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^4} \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{\sqrt {b x^{4} + a} {\left (d x^{4} + c\right )}} \,d x } \]
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\[ \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^4} \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{\sqrt {b x^{4} + a} {\left (d x^{4} + c\right )}} \,d x } \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^4} \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {b\,x^4+a}\,\left (d\,x^4+c\right )} \,d x \]
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